Date of Source	County	Location (if Known)	Evidence	Source/Name	Source/Title
1557	South Yorkshire	Doncaster	'The Morris dancers have all but disappeared The Churchwardens of the Parish Church were not indifferent to games and pastimes. The accounts of the sixteenth century (about the year 1557) destroyed in the fire of 1853, mentioned several items for this recreation.'	Hatfield	HIstorical Notes of Doncaster, Vol. 2 1866, p.296
1662	East Yorkshire	Carlton	Carlton, SE6423, extant 1662, Christmas, No text available Doubtful - details insufficient to permit classification but ceremonial known to have existed. Source - The Household Books of Sir Miles Stapleton, Bart. 1656-1705 J. Charles Cox - The Ancestor, No. III Constable, Westminster Oct. 1902, p. 148	Cawte, Helm, Peacock etc.	English Ritual Drama A Geographical index The Folklore Society 1967
1811	North Yorkshire	General	'A writer in the 'Gentleman's Magazine' for May 1811, deposes that in the North Riding of Yorkshire the sword dance ios performed from St. Stephen's Day till New Years Day. The dancers usually consist of six youths dressed in white with ribbands, attended by a fiddler, a youth with the name of 'Bessy' and one who personates a Doctor. They travel from village to village. One of the six youths acts the part of king in a kind of farce which consists chiefly of singing and dancing, when the Bessy interferes while they are making a hexagon with their swords and is killed.'	Brand	Popular Antiquities 1888 pp 276-277
1817	North Yorkshire	Whitby	'On Plough Monday there is a procession of rustic youth, dragging a plough, who, as they officiate as oxen are called plough stots. They are dressed with their shirts on the outside of their jackets, with sashes of ribbons fixed across their breasts and backs, and knots, or roses of ribbons, fastened on their shirts and on their hats, Beside the plough draggers, there is a band of six in the same dress, furnished with swords, who perform the sword dance, while one or more musicians play on the fiddle or flute. During the dance, two or three of the company dcalled 'Toms' or 'clowns'., dressed up as harlequins, in the most fantastic modes having their faces painted or masked, are making antic gestures and movements to amuse the spectators, whilst another set called, 'Madgies' or 'Madgie pegs' clumsily dressed in womens clothes and also painted or masked, go about from door to door, rattling old canisters in which they receive money.	Young, Dr.	History of Whitby 1817
1820	South Yorkshire	Doncaster	'At Doncaster, they are designeated by some 'plough bullocks'. On one occasion, upwards of forty years ago, they were attended by music and Morris-dancers. A sportive dance with a few lasses dressed in all their finery and a superabundance of ribbons marked their approach. The merriment enlivened the observers and liberal gifts poured in from all directions. The money received was appropriated to a night of revels and conviviality.'	Hatfield	HIstorical Notes of Doncaster, Vol. 2 1866, p.137
1828	East Yorkshire	Holderness	'Early in January we have the 'Fonf-Pleaf' or 'Ploo lads' round. This 'fond-pleaf' is a plough from which the share has been removed. It is dragged by the 'ploo-lads' fantastically dressed farming lads. The chief character is one dressed as a female, and called 'Besom Bet'. Before each door a rude dance is performed, accompanied by music and seasoned with rustic jokes. The usual gifts to these mummers are cheesecakes and money, the first being collected by one of the partywearing a clean white apron and carrying a basket.'	Stead, R.	Holderness and the Holdernessians 1828, pp 69-70
1829	East Yorkshire	Watton	'Like Cottingham and other villages in the neighbourhood, the church is decked with evergreens at Christmas; and at the same season the morisco sports are practised. A number of young fellows dress themselves in fantastic habiliments, and wander from house to house, performing ludicrous ceremonies, and soliciting the benevolence of the inhabitants, thaqt they may enjoy a feast at the commencement of the year. The pastime is a combination of the ancient pageant and the morris-dance; and maid Marian and the fool are considered an indespensible appendage to the party '	Oliver, G.	The History and Antiquities of the Town and Minster of Beverley in the County of York 1829, pp. 532, 533
1829	East Yorkshire	Beverley	'The pageant and dance, called fool plough, which is annually to be seen in the streets of Beverley and many other towns in the north, seems to be a composition of gleanings of several obsolete ancient customs. The fool and the bessy are evidently fragments of the FEAST OF FOOLS.'	Poulson, G	Beverlac, II 1829 p. 661
1829	East Yorkshire	Cottingham	'Like Cottingham and other villages in the neighbourhood, the church is decked with evergreens at Christmas; and at the same season the morisco sports are practised. A number of young fellows dress themselves in fantastic habiliments, and wander from house to house, performing ludicrous ceremonies, and soliciting the benevolence of the inhabitants, thaqt they may enjoy a feast at the commencement of the year. The pastime is a combination of the ancient pageant and the morris-dance; and maid Marian and the fool are considered an indespensible appendage to the party '	Oliver, G.	The History and Antiquities of the Town and Minster of Beverley in the County of York 1829, pp. 532, 533
1829	East Yorkshire	South Cave	January 1829 Thursday 15th Jan. There was a miniature edition of Plough BOYS WITH THEIR USUAL ATTENDANTS OF FOOLS WITH BLACK FACES AND HUMP-BACKS FROM TIS TOWN THE LAST TWO DAYS, CONSISTING FOR THE MOST PART OF BOYS FROM 10 TO 12 Years of age, dressed as fine as they could be made in ribbons with the most enormous paper caps on their heads covered over with tinsel, which made them look as if they had extinguishers on their heads, then the little imps had swords in their hands not too bright; and sung and danced like their betters, if indeed they had any; the last night after paying the Fidler, they met to spend their money, while some of their mothers were obliged to fetch them home, this must be the march of folly. Sharp records the visitations and their antics over a period of 8 years. These descriptions, though humorous and entertaining dwell on the spending power of the boys and offer no further enlightenment regarding the dancing.	Sharp, Robert	The Diary of Robert Sharp of South Cave Life in an East Yorkshire Village 1812 1837, Ed. J.E. & P. A. Crowther 1998
1830	East Yorkshire	North Cave	Tuesday 5th Jan Another set of Plough Boys this day they came from North Cave and made a great noise, it might for anything I know to the contrary be musicial, but this sounding science is out of my knowledge.	Sharp, Robert	The Diary of Robert Sharp of South Cave Life in an East Yorkshire Village 1812 1837, Ed. J.E. & P. A. Crowther 1998
1832	South Yorkshire	Doncaster	The most remarkable modern occasion on which the morris dance was seen to the best advantage though varying from the original mode was witnessed in Doncaster in 1832. The performers numbered above twenty, male and female. They came from Nottinghamshire. They were fantastically attired in dresses of every variety of colour, with a rich profusion of ribbons. They belonged to a station in life above that of artisan and mechanic. As they moved down Hall-gate, they occupied a large portion of the street. They were accompanied by a band of music playing appropriate melodies. A sight so novel excited universal attention. Since that period, with less attractive appearances to complete the idea of the Morris-dance of former days, it may be added that a party from Rawcliffe visited Doncaster on Wednesday 6th January 1853.	Hatfield	HIstorical Notes of Doncaster, Vol. 2 1866, p.296
1842	East Yorkshire	Wheldrake	Wheldrake (E) An old man 90 went out with the sword dancers 70 yrs. previously. A party of 30, including 8 dancers and the rest 'beggars'. They were headed by the village band and went from village to village and through the city of York where the dance was performed in several principal streets. Another man 60 remembered going out with the dancers in later years and he used to be the 'Queen'; he last saw dancing at Naburn 21 years ago.	Peacock, N.	Report on the 'Sword Dance information sent to C.J. Sharp' 1955 Ts.
1848	East Yorkshire	Hornsea	...'But fairs, race and ball, the observance of Easter and Whitsuntide as gala times, All-Fools-Day, May Day, Royal-Oak-Day, bonfires on Midsummer-Eve, Harvest home, 5th November, white cakes and ale at Martinmas, Waits, Christmas Carols, 'vessel-cup', plough boys and sword dancers, &c.,&c., are almost obsolete, and belonging to a state of society gone by.'	Bedell, E.W.	An Account of Hornsea in Holderness in the East Riding of Yorkshire 1848, p.92
1853	East Yorkshire	Rawcliffe	The most remarkable modern occasion on which the morris dance was seen to the best advantage thjough varying from the original mode was witnessed in Doncaster in 1832. The performers numbered above twenty, malke and female. They came from Nottinghamshire. They were fantastically attired in dresses of every variety of colour, with a rich profusion of ribbons. They belonged to a station in life above that of artisan and mechanic. As they moved down Hall-gate, they occupied a large portion of the street. They were accompanied by a band of music playing appropriate melodies. A sight so novel excited universal attention. Since that period, with less attractive appearances to complete the idea of the Morris-dance of former days, it may be added that a party from Rawcliffe visited Doncaster on Wednesday 6th January 1853.	Hatfield	HIstorical Notes of Doncaster, Vol. 2 1866, p.296
1867	East Yorkshire	Preston	Preston (Hull) A few saw it [sword dance] 50 60 years previously. Rev. W. Dale	Peacock, N.	Report on the 'Sword Dance information sent to C.J. Sharp' 1955 Ts.
1869	East Yorkshire	Welton	'In our younger days the peasantry used, at Christmas, to parade the village, not merely as at present as ploughboys, but certain sets of them as sword dancers who danced intricate figures in the midst of drawn swords contriving however not to cut themselves.'	Thompson, T.	HIstory of Welton 1869 p190
1870	Lincolnshire	Barton on Humber	'The Plough Jacks in their motley dress,mustered strongly at Barton on Plough Monday, and paraded through the streets, dancing in their uncouth fashion accompanied by equally rude music. We imagine if the receipt of pence were seperated from this ancient custom it would have been amongst the things that were long ago.'	Stamford Mercury	14th January 1870
1877	East Yorkshire	Holderness	Fond-pleaff On Plough Monday, farming lads, fantasticaslly dressed, one as a pantomime clown, another in female garb, called Besom-Bet, go round the towns and villages dragging along a plough from which the ploughshare has been removed, stopping occasionally to perform a rude morrice-dance around their implement of labour '	Ross, F. & Stead, R	Glossary of Words used in Holderness English Dialect Society, 1877 p. 62
1885	Lincolnshire	Willingham	Mr Roberts aged 78, retired joiner, remembered seeing Morris Dancers here as a boy. He didn t know for certain if there was a Willingham team but he thought there was. The morris dancers were gaily dressed, and started going round about 5th November until Christmas. They were a team of eight and carried broomsticks and acted in their play there was a fight and a man was killed. The doctor came in and gave him a dose that brought him to life again. The doctor had a tall hat with medicine bottles on the brim, ranged round the front of the hat. On plough Monday the ploughjags came round and brought a plough with them, they ploughed up the doorstep if refused admittance or not given money. They do not seem to have acted a play, but were dressed up ugly quite the opposite of the morris dancers who were gaily dressed. The same team of men were both morris men and ploughjags.	Ethel Rudkin Colln.	Rudkin Colln. 1954
1888	Lincolnshire	Lincoln	footnote - p.276 Douce had a very curious old cut representing this dance, which Park testifies to having seen performed by the morris dancers in the vicinity of Lincoln. 'First, with their swords sheathed and erect in their hands, they dance in a triple round; then, with their drawn swords held erect as before: afterwards, extending them from hand to hand, they lay hold of each others hilts and points, and while they are wheeling more moderately round and changing their order, throw themselves into the figure of a hexagon, which they call a rose: but, presently raising and drawing back their swords, they undo that figure, in order to form with them a four-square rose, that they may rebound over the head of each other. Lastly, they dance rapidly backwards, and, vehemently rattling the sides of their swords together, conclude their sport. Pipe or songs (sometimes both) direct the measure, which at first is slow, but, increasing afterwards, becomes very quick towards the conclusion.' reference to the dance as described by Olaus Magnus has some resonances with Coxbench as revived.	Brand	Popular Antiquities 1888 pp 276-277
1889	East Yorkshire	Beverley	Martinmas time being over, some of the unhired men disguise themselves by dressing in motley garb. One will dress as a woman and, carrying a besom, is known as Besom Bet; another, having his hat and coat covered with strips of all kinds and colours or rags, has a 'blether; (bladder) attached by a string to the end of a stick, and is called, 'Blether Dick'; the others adopt other devices and, going from village to village, collect odd pence. Dick and Bet form the comic element, the former using his ''blether' to maintain order much to the amusement of the boys, who often get a sounding whack on their heads and backs. These 'Ploo Lads' (Plough Boys) seldom have a plough with them, as they used to have, but execute a rude dance whereever they think there is gain.'	Nicholson, J.	Folklore of East Yorkshire 1890, p. 17
1890	East Yorkshire	Nunburnholme	'There was a custom in those days for the 'Plough-Stots' or plough boys, as they were called, to come round the East Riding villages every year soon after Christmas, generally around Plough Monday, which, if I remember rightly, was the fist Monday after the feast of Epiphany. This may well have been a survival of the mummers of the Middle Ages. They consisted of lads and young men who were engaged in farm service. In former years a plough used to be dragged about with them, the lads representing the 'stots' or oxen. The full number was usually twelve; but as I remember them, there were seldom more than about six. They were always fantastically dressed and disguised; one of them carrying a blown bladder and another was got up as a female, who was called the 'Betty'. Dancing formed the chief part of the performance, accompanied with music of some kind; and I have a faint recollection, in very early days, of their going through a sword dance; but this dropped out of use in my boyhood. There was an air of antiquity about the institution which always interested one. In some parts I believe two of the party were styled the King and Queen.'	Morris, M.C.F.	Yorkshire Reminiscences 1922 p.175
1890	East Yorkshire	Naburn	'[At one time] Naburn (like other villages) sent a united band of farm-servants into the city [of York] on or about Plough Monday, who amused the citizens with their peculiar dress and antics. First ion the procession came the band which invariably consisted of from three to six performers, sometimes a clarionet led the musical part of the entertainment occasionally a brass instrument or two were presed into the service of the show, whilst at times an accordion or violin was the leading, if not the only instrument of the band. A drum was ever considered absolutley necessary. Next to the band came two man-servants dressed as 'King and Queen', and it was not an uncommon thing for 'his majesty' to be adorned in an old hussar suit , to carry an old sword and wear on his head an old helmet: whilst 'her majesty', gay with female attire gathered from many homes and sporting many ribbons and laces, hung dependently on 'his majesty's' arm. It frequently happened that when two or three villages joined to form a company, each village sent a king and queen as part of their contingent. After the representatives of Royalty followed three or four couple of men who wore outside their waistcoats white shirts profusely adorned with ribbons of every hue, whilst their hats bore rosettes, cockades and streamers. They generally carried a wooden sword each, and walked the streets in procession, but at every available spot they danced to the strains of their music, threading their swords in the dance with considerable skill and going through a series of figures which could only have been perfected by considerable practice and care. Two or three more of their company were dressed up as clowns and begged money form the onlookers. One man was invaiably dressed as a tawdrily (sic) woman, and carried a besom which he sometimes used with more freedom than discretion. Another had his face blackened and a third generally had his face coloured and sometimes wore large spectacles. Before coming into the city they had to secure the consent of the Lord Mayor.'	Camidge	Ouse Bridge to Naburn Lock n.d. pp. 484,485
1890	North Yorkshire	Nunburnholme	No mell supper can take place without dancing, and formerly the advent of guisers formed one of the great features of the entertainment. These guisers were men with masks or blackened faces, and they were decked out in all sorts of fantastic costumes.The starting of the dancing was not always an easy matter, but by degrees, as the dancers warmed to the work and as the ale horns came to be passed round, the excitement began to grow; this was increased by the arrival of the guisers , and then the clatter of the dancers boots doing double-shuffle and various comical figures, set the entertainment going at full swing. The guisers would at times come uninvited to the feast, and as a rule they were well received, but somtimes the doors would be barred against them and their entrance stoutly resisted. p. 213	M.C.F. Morris	Yorkshire Folk Talk
1896	East Yorkshire	Sutton	'Early in January the plough-boys came round - farm servants who had failed to get suited at Martinmas, or who preferred to have a frolic. They were picturesque with ribbons, 'Bladder Dick' and 'Besom Bet' being the leading characters and their antics were amusing.'	Blashill, Thos.	Sutton in Holderness 1896 p. 290
1898	East Yorkshire	Carlton	'On Friday night last, the plough boys of Carlton, accompanied by the fife and drum, made a torchlight procession through the village and caused great merriment. By the invitation of Lady Beaumont, they proceeded to the Towers and went through certain eccentric performances, and were afterwards entertained to supper in the servants hall.'	Selby Times	January 14th 1898
1900	East Yorkshire	Snaith	Mrs. Ellis, brought up at Carlton "I remember being taken by my Grandma to fetch milk and seeing a group of men dancing in a field. I was allowed to watch them before returning home. My Grandma said, 'Oh, it's only Clayton's men from Snaith doing it for money for drink."	Davenport, P.	Research Notes Ms. 1998, Letter from Richard Moody of Riccall - responses to the Carlton photo
1900	East Yorkshire	Carlton	From the late Mrs. Richardson, brought up at Carlton, Headmistress of neighbouring Camblesforth School "In earlier times, they danced in peoples gardens. You would have had to let them pull the plough through the house near Plough Sunday"	Davenport, P.	Research Notes Ms. 1998, Letter from Richard Moody of Riccall - responses to the Carlton photo
1900	East Yorkshire	Snaith	From Jack Punton of Snaith Pronounced Ploo Stots. At a specific time of the year, they (mainly Claytons) sang and danced.	Davenport, P.	Research Notes Ms. 1998, Letter from Richard Moody of Riccall - responses to the Carlton photo
1900	East Yorkshire	Carlton	The photograph is contained in a scrapbool entitled - 'Selby Scientific Society Journal' inthe local history section of Selby Library. The half-plate print is entitled, 'Carlton Plough Stots About 1900 Y. Post photograph' No other details are available. The image shows a group of seven men. From left to right - a man in overcoat and deerstalker hat holding an unidentified object, a younger man with a military side-drum wearing a derby bowler, a man in a short jacket holding a Clarke tin whistle, this man wears a derby bowler hat with a ribbon of a light colour. In the middle of the picture is the first of four men dressed in light coloured costume. He wears a jacket decorated with strips of ribbon whihc are rouched and stitched along their length to give defined chevrons and outlines around the garment, he wears what appears to be a wide apron over the jacket, similarly adorned with light coloured trousers below with a stripe around the cuff. His hat is extended upwards by the addition of flowers, feathers and ribbons, two of the latter hanging down his cheeks. He carries a large handkerchief of a light colour in his right hand. Next comes a similarly attired man but his costume lacks the apron and he wears a short jacket with similar decoration to the former. He holds a handkerchief in both hands which are held together in front of him. A third man wears a similar costiume to the first with the apron secured by a wide silk sash, he carries a handkerchief in his left hand. The last is dressed in this costume but without the apron. He alone seems to hold nothing in his hands but stands arms akimbo with hands on hips. The picture indicates that there is music, the costume suggests a dance and snow on the ground gives us the season. The tall hats have a parallel with those described in North Lincolnshire for the dancers associated with the plough jags.	Davenport, P.	Research Notes Ms. Photo of Carlton Plough Stots
1900	East Yorkshire	Pollington	Mrs. Wright had interviewed her own maternal grandmother who remembered as a girl in Pollington near Goole, being frightened by the plough boys who entered the kitchen of her home. She recalled a 'ragged' man with a black face and bells who leapt about so high that she was frightened he would fall and hurt himself.	Davenport, P.	Field Notes Ms. 31st July 1980 - Interview with Mrs. A. Wright - Aldborough
1911	East Yorkshire	Barnby Moor	Plough Monday The first Monday after twelfth-day is so called because it is the end of the Christmas holiday, and the day when men return to their plough or daily work. It was customary at one time for farm labourers to draw a plough from door to door and solicit plough-money to spend in a frolic. The plough-boys were fantastically attired and decorated with ribbon, a king and queen were appointed, sword exercises and dances were carefully practised and cleverly performed. George Mightum and George Taylor each in turn held the distinguished office of queen. The old custom still survives in a lesser and poorer degree, but Plough Monday is not strictly adhered to.'	Wood-Rees, Rev. W.D.	History of Barnby Moor 1911 p. 73
1912	East Yorkshire	Middleton	Fridaythorpe (E) As a boy saw 2 or 3 men dancing over crossed swords at Middleton near Pickering.	Peacock, N.	Report on the 'Sword Dance information sent to C.J. Sharp' 1955 Ts.
1912	East Yorkshire	Withernwick	Withernwick (E) A dance with poker and tongs crossed	Peacock, N.	Report on the 'Sword Dance information sent to C.J. Sharp' 1955 Ts.
1912	East Yorkshire	Goodmanham	Goodmanham (E) 'Plew Lads' used to come round; Besom bet and Bladder Dick were characters but there was no regular dance.	Peacock, N.	Report on the 'Sword Dance information sent to C.J. Sharp' 1955 Ts.
1912	East Yorkshire	Driffield	Driffield (E) 'At Christmas time I see mummers and dancers about.'	Peacock, N.	Report on the 'Sword Dance information sent to C.J. Sharp' 1955 Ts.
1912	East Yorkshire	Sproatley	Sproatley (E) 'Plough Lads' dancing and mumming at Christmas time still survived rather feebly but there was no sword dance.'	Peacock, N.	Report on the 'Sword Dance information sent to C.J. Sharp' 1955 Ts.
1912	East Yorkshire	Cliffe	Cliffe (E) R.S. Leighton of Goodmanham reported that there used to be 'Plough Stotts' at Cliffe who probably danced with swords.'	Peacock, N.	Report on the 'Sword Dance information sent to C.J. Sharp' 1955 Ts.
1912	East Yorkshire	Middleton on the Wolds	Middleton-on-the-Wolds (E) Mrs. Woods of Bainton said there used to be a sword dance there	Peacock, N.	Report on the 'Sword Dance information sent to C.J. Sharp' 1955 Ts.
1914	East Yorkshire	Seaton	'Authorities differ as to whether old Matty Gray, or a relative and contemporary of his who lived at Seaton, was the last man in the neighbourhood who carried round the 'fond-pleaf' or foolish plough. This implement was made with the mould-board on the wrong side, hence fond, for if it could have been used it would have thrown the furrow in the opposite direction to that required, however, the fond plough of Matty Gray, we will take it for granted it was his was a miniature implement, small enough to be easily put in a basket of ordinary size. Matty went from house to house showing his plough on Plough Monday '	Smith, Rev.	Brazzock 1914. pp. 199 201
1914	East Yorkshire	Catwick	' The carrying of the plough after the manner of Matty was one way, and a very quiet one, of keeping up the custom formerly represented by the Plough lads or Stots as they were called. Twelve lads of the village were dressed up in fantastic guise. One represented a fool and was bedizened with strips of all kinds of rags sewn on his hat and clothes. He carried a bladder tied onto a stick from which circumstance he was known as 'Blether Dick'. Another was dressed up to represent an old woman, and was called 'Besom Bet', because he carried a broom. These two formed the comic side of the show, Dick at times hitting all and sundry with his bladder whilst Bet pretended to sweep the bystanders away. The remainder of the the boys were in some form disguised and carried wooden sword or sticks. They dragged a plough fond in the way of Matty's and gaily decorated - about with ribbons. Usually too, they had some instruments of music to which they sang and danced, one of their songs being called, 'Speed the Plough'. They entered the homes of farmers and others, and went through their performances, expecting money or the equivalent in return. If this were not forthcoming, it is said, they would plough up the ground in front of the house. Certainly they were ofetn very rough and rude, especially to women left alone in solitary or odd places as Holderness people say, Ten times in the eleven years I have been at Catwick we have had the plough boys with faces blackened and peculiar dress, but but sadly they carried no plough, and their performance was sadly degenerate as compared with that of years gone by. '	Smith, Rev.	Brazzock 1914 pp. 199 201
1916	East Yorkshire	Roos	Remembers the 'vessel-cuppers' or plough Lads in Roos annually from 1916 onwards. They came from Driffield, Sledmere, Garton on the Wolds after the hirings if not hired. Costume variable breeches, they couldn't afford long trousers . Wore feathers round knees, bells on boots. Any old jacket. Blackened faces with cork - didn't was for a week. Slept in horse box at top of village used Roos as a base. Went to Ottringham, Withernsea, Patrington etc. returning at night.They danced in the pub. Youngsters often joined in - (Mr. F. did this) They danced to melodeon or mouth organ. Mr. F has a jews harp they gave him. Favourite headgear was a teacosy, one had a horse's curb-chain as a watch chain. They danced country dance figures, arms across corners, b to b CO etc. Four danced one played. Also jig done by one man over the pokers from the fire. This man tried to skip between the pokers often too drunk. Usual steps were skipping (2 step?) and jumping (one footed, i.e. caper?) Sang very old fashioned songs. Dancers came same year as Edwin Davis (Hull) shop was bombed by zeppelin (1916) Has a photo of morris dancers circa 1930 at Roos will try to find it. Arranged 2nd visit April-May	Davenport, P.	Field Notes Ms. 21st March 1981- Interview with Mr. Foster Roos
1920	East Yorkshire	Aldborough	' Between Martinmas and Christmas was a generally slack time for farmers, and it was during this time that the young farmhands went 'plough ladding'. Many are the tales told in the district about Plough Lads. Delicious fear struck the breasts of the young girls when they heard the lads coming down the street in the darkness. "We could hear them coming up the road from East Hill, singing and shouting. 'Oh, the Plough Lads are coming!' we cried and ran into the cottage' The lads has blackened faces, wore strange clothes; one ws usually dressed up as a woman, and one as a doctor. They had bells on their boots, and played melodeons or mouth organs to the accompaniment of rattling spoons or dried sheeps rib bones which they called knick-knacks. They sang loudly and danced, and knocked boldly on cottage doors asking for some money, drink, a kiss or all three! We're niggers from the south , ha! ha! We cannot shut our mouth We took him to the tailors shop To get his mouth made smaller a popular song in Aldborough, and from nearby Garton Where is that nigger Josey gone Look for him everywhere There'll be no fun at the ball tonight If Josey isn't there '	Wright, A.	Folklore of Holderness Hedon & District Local History Society, 1978, pp. 8, 9
1920	East Yorkshire	Garton on the Wolds	' Between Martinmas and Christmas was a generally slack time for farmers, and it was during this time that the young farmhands went 'plough ladding'. Many are the tales told in the district about Plough Lads. Delicious fear struck the breasts of the young girls when they heard the lads coming down the street in the darkness. "We could hear them coming up the road from East Hill, singing and shouting. 'Oh, the Plough Lads are coming!' we cried and ran into the cottage' The lads has blackened faces, wore strange clothes; one ws usually dressed up as a woman, and one as a doctor. They had bells on their boots, and played melodeons or mouth organs to the accompaniment of rattling spoons or dried sheeps rib bones which they called knick-knacks. They sang loudly and danced, and knocked boldly on cottage doors asking for some money, drink, a kiss or all three! We're niggers from the south , ha! ha! We cannot shut our mouth We took him to the tailors shop To get his mouth made smaller a popular song in Aldborough, and from nearby Garton Where is that nigger Josey gone Look for him everywhere There'll be no fun at the ball tonight If Josey isn't there '	Wright, A.	Folklore of Holderness Hedon & District Local History Society, 1978, pp. 8, 9
1920	East Yorkshire	Aldborough	Plough Lads after Martinmas hirings used their 'fest' to go on the razzle. Turned jackets inside out and bought luminous 'buttons' from the shop. Blackened their faces. Some concern expressed as they leapt about that the bells on their boots might catch. Music from mouth organ or melodeon, lads used 'knick-knacks' dried sheep rib bones. Rhymes chanted. Mrs. Wright had heard of similar at Hedon and at Hessle. No details.	Davenport, P.	Field Notes Ms. 31st July 1980 - Interview with Mrs. A. Wright - Aldborough
1920	East Yorkshire	Welton	When Green Ginger Morris danced at Welton an old man approached Colin and said, (having just watched 'Bean Setting' - Headington) "We used to do a dance like that, we used spade handles and called it 'Dibbling'". There was no follow up	Davenport, P.	Field Notes Ms. Nov. 1980 - Interview with Colin Jewitt, Hull
1920	East Yorkshire	Roos	Rib bones beef {BB Hey DR { Order not fixed Flags [Link arms? ] Hey? mouthorgan with bell No Bet Man with mouth organ and tambourine Points of Ref. AF said musician jigged about but did not take part in figures. Music by melodeon. Use of mouth organ, melodeon or jews-harp to accompany. Either flags or knick-knacks - went into slaughterhouse (gave me some bones) 4 men in line in street Mentioned linked arms in movt. in & out (Hey?) (suggestion that flag and bone are different dances) Order of figs not fixed? BB hey either str or linked arms, Dance in circle Dance is more complex than G.O. version went on as long as necessary Showed me step single with crossed leg as at Upton (qv) 60 years ago* Asked if man-wopman? No No evidence of play or ceremonial- dance trad. only Figs in line all danced - musician dnaced but on spot BB normal as in country dance Make a circle Hey in and out -linked arms Hey as country dance * This presumably concerns another visit of the VCs since earlier refs to 1916 Possibly the form altered according to experience of dancers. No play	Davenport, P.	Field Notes Ms. 11th August 1981- Interview with Mr. Foster Roos
1920	East Yorkshire	Snaith	Plough Stots were called 'mummies' up until WW1 Most of the dancers hailed from the Clayton family. All were male. Leader Sam Clayton was in his 30s but the rest were no older than 20. SC wore a bull's skull with the horns attached. Carried a cudgel and had his face made up in red and white stripes. The other dancers had blackened faces about half were dressed as women. Men's jackets had ribbons pinned on like streamers and a stripe of ribbin pinned down the leg of trousers. Dance was done ion a single line they advanced using a hop-step but when stationary danced a 'reel' facing alternately up and down the line and using a 'pas-de-basque' type of step to move in and out. One hand place don the hip in this figure. AW says they only did this dance. They did not stop but danced the length of a village moving into the reel figure at a number of satges. Mr. Walker variously described the leader as the 'devil' or as 'frightening the devil'. No bells were worn.	Robertson, Andrea	Field notes 7th August 1994 Interview with Mr. A. Walker
1927	East Yorkshire	Hull	' The annual performances on Plough-boys Monday, remnants of which still survived in the local villages when I was a boy, differed very little from the earlier ones. I shal never forget the sleepless nights which followed my first and last sight of the Ploughboy Players in a farm kitchen in a country village not many miles form Hull, when on an otherwise calm evening a set of masked and gaudily ribboned fiends burst into the room and without any introduction whatever, began reciting their parts, during which I well remember, one of them was knocked underneath the kitchen table, where I verily believed he was dead. I was also convinced that the 'Doctor' brought him to life again, That was 'Drama!' An elaborate sword, gorgeous costumes, a profusion of multi-coloured ribbons, and other paraphernalia accompanied these ploughboys as they literally were, and after their piece was over they received refreshments both solid and liquid, and the occupants of that house certainly saw the only dramatic performance they had witnessed since the last Ploughboys Monday.'	Sheppard, T.	Evolution of the Drama in Hull and District 1927 pp.1, 2
1928	East Yorkshire	Kirkby Underdale	'It is customary in some parishes for ploughboys, in strange disguises, to go round the villages singing a short time before Christmas, and to receive gifts of money at each house.'	Shepherd, Rev. W.R.	The HIstory of Kirkby Underdale 1928, p.173
1928	East Yorkshire	Carlton	Lord Martin Fitzallen-Howard of Carlton Towers recalls at the age of 6 yrs. being woken up when the morris dancers danced at the house on New Years Eve this was 1928	Davenport, P.	Research Notes Ms. Oct. 1998 Phone conversation with Keith Richardson
1928	West Yorkshire	West Haddlesey	Keith interviewed an old lady (no name) aged 92 at West Haddlesey who remembered morris dancers there - no date.	Davenport, P.	Research Notes Ms. Oct. 1998 Phone conversation with Keith Richardson